Energy Diplomacy
At the present juncture, a key priority for Greece is to strengthen energy security while at the same time advancing the green transition and the shift towards a low-carbon economy. Greece seeks to diversify energy sources, routes and suppliers, attract investments in clean technologies and infrastructure, and establish itself as a regional natural gas hub and a gateway for green electricity to Europe. Through cooperation at both regional and international level, efforts are being promoted to optimize the use of energy resources, facilitate the transition to a cleaner energy mix, enhance regional resilience, and ensure the active involvement of both public and private stakeholders.
European Framework and Projects of Strategic Importance
The upgrading of Greece’s role on the energy map of South-Eastern and Central Europe is reflected in projects related to natural gas, electricity interconnections, hydrogen, energy storage and CO2 capture. A significant number of these projects fall within the European framework of projects of strategic importance. Projects of Common Interest (PCI) and Projects of Mutual Interest (PMI) constitute cross-border energy infrastructure projects that are critical for the EU’s energy security, interconnectivity and green transition.
The European Commission’s 7th PCI List includes projects of Greek interest such as the Great Sea Interconnector - GSI, the hydrogen projects H2DRIA, Poseidon, Thalis 1 and Ionian Energy Terminal, the energy storage facilities of Amfilochia and the Ptolemaida Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), as well as the Prinos CO2 project. At the same time, the GREGY Interconnector is included in the 2nd PMI List as a strategic green electricity interconnection project between Africa and Europe.
Natural Gas Infrastructure
The Vertical Gas Corridor constitutes a network of existing and future infrastructure, including pipelines, LNG terminals and natural gas storage facilities. It connects Greece with Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Hungary and Slovakia, with the Alexandroupolis FSRU serving as its entry point. Its objective is to transport natural gas from diversified sources to the markets of South-Eastern and Central Europe. Greece plays a pivotal role as a gateway for diversified natural gas supplies through the Trans - Adriatic Pipeline (TAP), the Greece - Bulgaria Interconnector (IGB), the Revithoussa LNG terminal and the Alexandroupolis FSRU.
The TAP pipeline, operational since 2020 and crossing Northern Greece, constitutes the European section of the Southern Gas Corridor. Greece receives approximately 1 bcm of natural gas annually from Azerbaijan through TAP, while as of 1 January 2026 the first phase of the pipeline’s expansion entered into operation, increasing transport capacity by approximately 1.2 bcm per year.
The IGB pipeline, inaugurated on 1 October 2022, constitutes a key component of the Vertical Corridor and creates a new secure route for diversified natural gas deliveries to South-Eastern Europe.
The Alexandroupolis FSRU, which entered commercial operation on 1 October 2024, is connected to the National Natural Gas Transmission System, and through it to the IGB, thereby enhancing supply capacity to Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Hungary and Slovakia.
Electricity Interconnections and Green Energy
Greece is promoting electricity interconnections that strengthen its role as a gateway for green electricity to Europe.
The Great Sea Interconnector (GSI), formerly known as the EuroAsia Interconnector, concerns the electricity interconnection between Greece, Cyprus and Israel. It is a project of strategic importance, as it will end Cyprus’ energy isolation and connect Israel to the EU electricity market. The project is being implemented by the Independent Power Transmission Operator (IPTO/ADMIE) and is included in the European Commission’s PCI List.
The GREGY Interconnector concerns the transmission of green electricity from Egypt to Greece and the European market through high-voltage subsea cables. It is included in the European Commission’s PMI List and constitutes a strategic green electricity interconnection project between Africa and Europe.
In parallel, the Saudi-Greek electricity interconnection, envisaged in the Memorandum of Understanding signed by the two countries in 2022, aims to facilitate the transmission of renewable electricity to the EU via Greece.
Renewable Energy Sources
Greece ranks among the countries with a high share of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in electricity generation. In 2025, it ranked 3rd globally in terms of the share of solar energy in electricity generation and 9th in terms of the share of wind energy. The share of RES in electricity generation is expected to exceed 80% by 2030. Particular emphasis is placed on harnessing the country’s onshore and offshore wind potential, especially in the Aegean Sea.
IMEC Corridor
During the G20 Summit in New Delhi in September 2023, the United States, India, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, France, Germany, Italy and the EU signed a Memorandum of Understanding for the establishment of the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC), aiming to connect India with the Middle East and Europe. The corridor is designed to include the transport of goods, energy and digital data. Its full implementation requires further specification regarding governance, financing and technical timelines.
Greece supports the advancement of IMEC and seeks to become part of its broader cooperation framework by highlighting its geographical position, port and energy infrastructure, maritime strength, and its capacity to connect with European and regional transport, energy and digital connectivity networks.